Jack Kost

Tuesday, December 6, 2016

UV Light May Lead Way to New Treatment for MS and Inflammation:

by Magdalena Kegel

In News

November 29, 2016

Researchers have found a way to harness inflammation with the help of ultraviolet (UV) light, making it possible to design an anti-inflammatory treatment that is more specific and causes fewer side effects.

If this approach can be developed for clinical treatment, it likely will have a large impact on the lives of people with multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory conditions.

The study, “Chemical optogenetic modulation of inflammation and immunity,” was published in the journal Chemical Science.

HDACs (histone deacetylases) are molecules driving inflammation and controlling a range of other processes. Drugs that block HDACs are being investigated in conditions that include neurodegeneration and cancer, but their role in inflammation is only beginning to be explored.

Since HDACs exist in tissues throughout the body, a blocker often interrupts other enzyme actions than the one intended, resulting in unwanted side effects. To get around the problem, researchers at Cornell University designed a molecule that can activate a HDAC blocker using UV light.

“Currently, there aren’t a lot of tools that are able to manipulate the immune system in a spatio-temporal fashion,” Pamela Chang, an assistant professor of microbiology and immunology, and the study’s senior author, said in a news release.

The team used an existing blocker and covered the part of the drug that interacts with HDAC with an additional molecule. This addition is set lose when the compound is exposed to UV light, allowing the drug to block HDAC.

“If you turned off all the HDACs in the body, you would probably be hitting a lot of pathways that you didn’t want to turn off,” said Chang. “We can control when and where we turn off the HDACs using light. The idea is that you can actually target the tissue that has chronic inflammation and regulate it by selectively inhibiting HDACs in the tissue that’s affected.”

In this way, the side effects of a treatment can be minimized.

So far, researchers tested the new compound in lab-grown cells, where UV-triggered drug actions reduced the levels of inflammatory molecules. The team also showed that the compound did not harm the cells.

“We are pushing the forefront of developing new technologies to control inflammation and the immune system, with the ultimate goal of being able to study these biological pathways and perhaps develop therapies for inflammatory diseases,” Chang concluded.

In support of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) research:

Never give up!

http://www.nationalmssociety.org

http://msfocus.org

https://multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com

http://mymsaa.org

http://positivelivingwithms.com

http://facebook.com/msmemesandmore

Thursday, December 1, 2016

Books ... the addiction of my choice:

You've Got Some Nerves, by Judy Lynn:

Multiple sclerosis is so weird. Sometimes I just put up with a strange sensation or painful problem because I do not know how to describe it to the doctor without sounding crazy.

I hope the problems will just go away, and sometimes they do. Maybe I am a little gun-shy from the year prior to my diagnosis, when each symptom I complained about just brought me a new antidepressant.

A couple of years ago, after suffering in silence for many months, I scheduled an appointment with a neurologist. Waiting in the exam room, symptom list in hand, I worried. My new sensation was causing problems, but I did not know how to describe it. The kind (and unusually personable, for a neurologist) doctor greeted me warmly. We covered the usual suspects — fatigue, paresthesia, foot drop. He asked if there was anything else.

“Well, sometimes I get a really weird sensation in my head,” I stammered. He asked questions: Was it painful? No, not really, just very uncomfortable. Where did I feel it? Sort of in my neck and the base of my skull. Could I describe it? The words finally tumbled out of me, in an awkward rush of pent-up stress.

“This will sound weird, but it feels like a giant hand is grabbing my head and squeezing the back of it. Or like I’m in a pressurized room, and my head is being squished. My neck gets really tight and I get kind of dizzy and sometimes it’s like the floor or the walls tilt. If I’m standing I sort of lose my balance, and if I’m sitting it feels like my head jerks to one side, but I don’t know if it really does.”

Thankfully, the kind doctor did not call for a priest to perform an exorcism. He asked about neck spasms and felt along my shoulders, neck and skull. He gently reminded me that I have lesions in my cervical spine and explained that this was likely a type of vertigo caused by neck spasms and my damaged nervous system.

A prescription for Baclofen was sent to the pharmacy.

I have since sought additional ways to minimize this sensation, otherwise known as cervicogenic dizziness.

Good posture

Make sure any screen (computer, phone, TV) is at eye level
Get up and move around, don’t sit in one position too long
Shoulders down and back, sit up straight
Pilates lessons have helped with my posture and overall muscle spasms

Stretching

Take this over-enthusiastic stretcher’s advice. G-E-N-T-L-E neck stretches. Less is more!
A heat pack can loosen neck muscles
Ask a pro for some stretching tips
Yoga, under the guidance of an instructor, is useful. I hurt myself if I try to do more than cow-cat at home; Or corpse pose, I am super good at that one!

Professional support

Massage therapy is my most effective treatment. However, it is not covered by my insurance for chronic conditions. So…
Chiropractic care can be useful. Word of warning: If my neck spasms are too severe, then chiropractic makes it worse. Pre-treatment with something like Baclofen may help.
Physical therapists can teach proper stretching techniques
Occupational therapists ensure that daily work and living activities do not aggravate neck problems
Check with your employer, local Division of Rehabilitation, or National MS Society to request an ergonomic assessment and modifications to your work environment.

Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements – Oh my!

Ask a naturopath or nutritionist for dietary and supplement recommendations
The National MS Society also has some information on supplements for MS
Calcium and magnesium (together!) relieve muscle spasms. I use a powder that dissolves in water for quick absorption.
Potassium also works well and is easy to get from bananas, coconut, dark leafy greens, avocadoes, sweet potatoes and other yummy foods.
Curcumin supplements seem to help my MS overall, including this dizziness

This is just one of many MS symptoms. When you throw in the other demands of life, it is to be expected that one cannot maintain “best practices” at all times. My recent 10 days of travel made MS management quite challenging. Multiple airplanes, buses, heavy luggage, uncomfortable conference chairs, awkwardly placed presentation screens, and stiff hotel pillows all conspired to invite my cervicogenic dizziness out to play. I took a little more Baclofen than usual. Thoughts of Botox bounced in my head as I lay in corpse pose on the hotel room floor. Elevators were favored over stairs, or — heaven forbid! — escalators. An unintentional sway or head-shift was just an opportunity to smile broadly at whoever I found myself looking at. Hopefully I passed as either super friendly or tipsy, or maybe both.

Note: Multiple Sclerosis News Today is strictly a news and information website about the disease. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. The opinions expressed in this column are not those of Multiple Sclerosis News Today, or its parent company, BioNews Services, and are intended to spark discussion about issues pertaining to multiple sclerosis.